Developmental Biology

Paper Code: 
ZOL- 413
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Objectives- The course objective is to provide students with a basic understanding of:

 

  1. How organisms maintain gamete population, fertilization process, way of cleavage and different patterns to form zygote.
  2. What are Fate maps.
  3.  The students will be taught about Organogenesis in Chick , Extra embryonic membranes, Types & physiology of placenta, metamorphosis, Apoptosis and Teratogenesis.

Learning outcomes

After the successful completion of the course students will be

  1. Be able to list the types of characteristics that make an organism ideal for the study of developmental biology.
  2. Be familiar with the events that led up to fertilization.
  3. Be able to describe the stages and cellular mechanisms for gastrulation.
  4. To describe way of cleavage and different patterns to form zygote.
  5. To describe the fundamental embryonic development.
  6. To describe Fate maps, Organogenesis in Chick,
  7. To describe Extra embryonic membranes, Types & physiology of placenta
  8. Describe the Role of Hormones in metamorphosis
  9. Describe the Process of Apoptosis and Teratogenesis.
9.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

Baer’s Law, Biogenetic Law

Gametogenesis- Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis, Vitellogenesis

Fertilization- Approximation of Gametes, Capacitation and contact, Acrosomal reactions, activation of ovum,Migration of Pronuclei and Amphimixis and Significance

10.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II

Types of eggs

Cleavage: Planes and Patterns of cleavage, Types of cleavage

Blastulation, Gastrulation, Morphogenetic Movements(Types and Significance)

Neurulation, Morphogenesis and Growth,

10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Fate maps (amphibian andchick): Methods of preparation of Fate maps

Organogenesis in Chickupto 96 hours of incubation

 Extra embryonic membranes

Types & physiology of placenta

9.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Concept of Embryonic Induction (types) and Competance

Teratogenesis: Birth defects in chick

Regeneration in Vertebrates

Ageing(over-view)

Stem Cells:Types and Significance

7.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

Metamorphosis in Frog & Insects.

 Role of Hormones in metamorphosis

Parthenogenesis

Essential Readings: 
  • P.S. Verma and V. K. Agarwal, Chordate embryology, S. Chand Publications
  • Veer bala Rastogi, Developmental Biology, Kedarnath-Ramnath Publisher
  • Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, SinauerAssociates,Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA
References: 
  • Balinsky B. I. and Fabian B. C. (1981). An Introduction to Embryology, VEdition, International Thompson Computer Press.
  • Carlson, R. F. Patten's Foundations of Embryology
  • Kalthoff (2008). Analysis of Biological Development, II Edition, McGraw-HillPublishers.
  • Lewis Wolpert (2002). Principles of Development. II Edition, Oxford UniversityPress.
  • Developmental Biology. Berril. N.J. and Karp. G.McGraw Hill, New York.
  • Gene activity during early development, Davidson, E. H. Academic Press, New York.

 

Academic Year: 
2019-2020
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