STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF VERTEBRATES

Paper Code: 
ZOL 321
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course objectives:

This course will enable the students to -

  1. In this course emphasis has been laid on the understanding of general characters of vertebrates, level of organization in different vertebrate classes and their origin and evolutionary relationship.
  2. This course will give a detailed understanding of the structural and functional aspects of each organ system of the body in vertebrate groups (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammals).
  3. To understand development, general structure and functions of skin, evolution of heart and aortic arches, functions and structures of respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, urinogenital, nervous and sensory systems of different vertebrate groups. In this way they can correlate the course of evolution of various life processes in diverse vertebrate groups.

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

ZOL 321

Structure & function of vertebrates

Students should be able to:

 

CO45: Compare and contrast the anatomy of each of the major vertebrate taxa

 

CO46: Evaluate the classification of  vertebrate, given information on its anatomy and/or development

 

CO47:Predict whether structures in different vertebrate taxa are homologous based on the embryonic origins of these structures

 

CO48: Identify the major characters that arose during the evolutionary history of vertebrates and indicate these characters on a phylogenetic tree

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks, Field practical

 

Class test

Semester end examinations,

Quiz

Assignments,

Presentation

Surprise test

Open book test

 

10.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

IOutline classification of vertebrates upto orders

Comparative study (Structural and Functional) of various systems in vertebrate groups(Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammal)

a)Vertebrate integument and its derivatives-

Development, general structure and functions of skin & its derivatives(Glands, scales, feathers and hair)

14.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II

Circulatory System

  • Evolution of heart
  • Evolution of Aortic arches

Respiratory System

Structure of Main Respiratory Organ and Accessory Organs

 

12.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Skeletal System-

  • Function and Components of Skeletal System (Skull, Vertebral Column, Limbs and Girdles)
  • Types of Jaw Suspensoria
12.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Urinogenital System

 Kidney, Testis and Ovary and their ducts

12.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

Nervous system

Anatomy of  brain in relation to its function

Sense organs

  • Simple receptors
  • Lateral line system
  • Electroreception
     
Essential Readings: 

Suggested Reading

  •         The Structure functions of nervous tissue. Bourne, G.H.Academic Press New York.
  •         Structure and Habit in vertebrate evolution - carter, G.S.Sedgwick and Jackson. London
  •         The Understanding of the brain. Eccles, J.C. McGraw Hill Co., New York and London.
  •         Outlines of comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Kingsley, J.S. Central Book Depot. Allahabad.
  •         Comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Kent. C.G. Chordata morphology. MalcomJollie. East-West Press Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.
  •         Analysis of vertebrate structure. Milton Hilderhrand. John Wiley and Sons., Inc, New York
  •         The Chordates. Monielli. A.R.Cambridge University press. London.
  •         Evolution of chordata structure Smith. H.S. Hold Rinehart and Winstoin Inc., New York.
  •         Text Book of Zoology, Sedgwick, A.A. Students Vol.II. Vision in vertebrate. Tansley. K.chapman and Hall Ltd., London
  •         Morphogenesis of vertebrates. Torrey,T.W. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York and London.
  •         Biology of vertebrates, Walters.H.E. and Sayles. L.D.Macmillan and Co., New York.
  •         Taste and smell in vertebrates. Wolstenholnf. E.F.and Knight, J.(Ed.) æ and A Churchill. London.
  •         Vertebrate Body. Romer A.S. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.
  •         Life of vertebrates, Young. J.Z. The Oxford University Press. London.
  •         Evolution of the vertebrates, Colbert. E.H. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
  •         Vertebrate Paleontology. Romer. A.S.University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  •         History of Primates Clark WK University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  •         Elements of chordate anatomy, Weichert. C.K. and Presch W. McGraw hall Book Co., New York.
  •         An Introduction of vertrates anatomy. Messers. H.M. Comparative anatomy. montagna. W.John Wily and Sons Inc. Emroys and Ancestors.
  •          De Deer. 5G. Claredon Press. Oxford. Problems in vertebrate evolution. Andrews. S.M. Academic Press-New York.
  •         Chordata structure and function. Waterman. A.J.Macmillan Co. New York.
  •         Vertebrate evolution. Joysey.K.A. and T.S.Kemp. Oliver and Boyd. Edinbourgh.
  •         The Pylogeny of vertebrates. Lovtrup.S.JohnWiley and Sons. London
  •         Their habits and adaptations. Reptiles and Amphibians: Barbiur. T HongtonMiffin Co., New York
  •         The biology of the Amphibia. Kingsley Noble G.Dover Publications. New York
  •         Arnphibia and their ways. Symth. The McMillan Co., New York. Andrevos. S.M.Miles.R.S. and Walker. AD. Problems in vertebrate evolution. Academic Press. New York.
  •         Modern text book of Zoology-Vertebrates; Kotpal R. L.; Rastogi Publications

 

Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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