PRACTICAL

Paper Code: 
24DZOL714
Credits: 
6
Contact Hours: 
180.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course objectives: 
This course will enable the students to – 
1. Design and conduct experiments, using a broad variety of experimental techniques, and interpret the data obtained to draw conclusions about whether the results do or do not support a hypothesis being tested and whether the experimental design was appropriate. 
2. Work collaboratively with other students and with faculty, understanding that most scientific knowledge/conclusions draw(s) on multiple sources of data and multiple experimental approaches. 
3. Learn “best approaches” for conducting experiments including laboratory safety, data  replication and quality control, record keeping, and other aspects of “responsible conduct  of research”. 
4. Gain familiarity with an area of science such that the students can present their work to  a professional audience and also discuss their work with a general audience. 
 
Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and  teaching 

strategies

Assessment  Strategies

Course Code

Course 

Title

24DZOL

714

Practical

CO:211 Illustrate different laboratory specimens based on  their external features and  appearance and their categorical  relation with various phylum.

CO:212 Enhance their knowledge  about different mitotic stages by  preparing temporary slides of the  onion root tip and visualizing the  stages of mitosis and meiosis by their key features and demonstrate bar body in buccal epithelial cells.

CO:213 Perform various qualitative and quantitative biochemical techniques to 

differentiate  biomolecules based on their  physical and chemical properties and analyze the effect of  temperature on the enzymatic activity of salivary amylase and liver catalase.

CO:214 Assess taxonomic biodiversity in various habitats and estimate gene frequency in populations using Hardy Weinberg law and differentiate between various phytoplanktons and zooplanktons

CO:215 Demonstrate skills and record the concepts in the form of  practical file and reflect on personal learning experiences and experimental outcomes during viva voce.

CO:216 Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction.

 

 

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, 

Discussion, 

Demonstration,

Learning activities for 

the students: Self-learning assignments, 

Effective questions, 

Simulation, Field practical

Class test 

Semester 

end 

examinations Viva voce

Assignments  Presentation Individual 

and group 

projects

 

Invertebrates 
Identification, classification & study of distinguishing features of representatives from various  groups. 
1. Phylum Protozoa- Polystomella, Formanifera, Opalina, Paramecium(Fission &  conjugation) Vorticella, Euglena,Trypanosoma,Monocystis,Plasmodium. 
2. Phylum Porifera-Sycon L.S & T.S, Spicules, Spongin fibres, Leucosolenia, Euplectella 
3. Phylum Cnidaria- Obelia,(Polyp & Medusa), Millepora, Physalia,Pennatula, Metridium,  Madrepora, Alcyonium, Gorgonia, Aurelia. 
4. Phylum Helminthes- Ascaris, Taenia,Planaria 
5. Phylum Annelida- Pontobdella, Aphrodite, Leech, Polygordius,Chaetopterus, Nereis,  Heteronereis,Arenicola. 
6. Phylum Arthropoda- Cyclops, Peripatus, Balanus, Lepas, Hippa, Belostoma, Limulus,  Eupagurus, Julus, Scolopendra, Prayingmantis. 
7. Phylum Mollusca- Murex, Bulla, Cardium, Arca, Turritella, Pinctada,Cypraea,  Octopus,Nautilus. 
8. Phylum Echinodermata- Echinus, Holothuria, Antedon, Asterias 
9. Minor Phyla- Bugula, Plumatella, Crestatella, Pectinella,Phoronis,Dendrostoma 
10. Larval Stages: Planula, Redia, Miracidium, Sporocyst,Cercaria,Metacercaria,  Trochophore, Nauplius, Zoea, Mysis, Phyllosoma, Trilobite larva ofLimulus,  Glochidium, Bipinnaria, Echinopluteus, Auricularia, Tornaria 
DISSECTIONS: 
 Cockroach: General anatomy, Reproductive system, Nervous system Mouthparts: Cockroach 
Biosystematics, taxonomy and evolution 
Composition and assessment of the taxonomic diversity/biodiversity in a habitat (e.g.  grassland, arid land, wet land etc.) 
Estimation of gene and genotypic frequencies in light of Hardy-Weinberg law based on  facial traits/thumb prints, ABO blood group data etc. 
Project: Preparation of models showing the status of certain taxa or species in a particular  habitat. 
Identification of Phytoplanktons and Zooplanktons from fresh water samples.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Qualitative analysis of Lipid, protein and Carbohydrate samples
Colorimetric/Spectrophotometric estimation of:
Carbohydrate- glucose, Cholesterol, Protein
Nucleic acids: DNA,RNA
Study of temperature effect on enzyme action: salivary amylase, liver catalase 

SCHEME FOR PRACTICAL EXAMINATION:

Scheme for CA  End Practical Examination

Exercise  1

Exercise II

File

Viva

Attendance

Total

 

5

 

 

5

 

10

 

5

 

5

 

30

 

Scheme for Semester End Practical Examination

Exercise I

Exercise II

Exercise III

Exercise IV

Spotting

File

Viva

Total

8

8

8

8

6x3=18

10

10

70

 

Essential Readings: 
ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
● Practical Zoology, vertebrates, Lal, S.S. Rastogi Publications, Meerut 
● Practical Zoology, vertebrates,Kohli,K.S.,Ansari, A.S. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur. 
● Introductory practical Biochemistry, Sawhney S.K., Singh R. 2009. 7th edition, Narosa  publishing house Pvt. Ltd. 
 
SUGGESTED READINGS: 
● Wilson,K. and Walker, J. Principles and techniques of practical biochemistry, Cambridge  press. 
● Jordon, E.L., Verma P.S. Invertebrate Zoology, S Chand and Co. 
● Laboratory manual in Invertebrate & Experimental Zoology, Jacob Vyas Ramesh Book  Depot, New Delhi. 
 
SUGGESTED READINGS: 
● Zubay G. Biochemistry, William C. Brown Pub.  
● Standard methods of biochemical analysis. Thimmaiah, S.R. Kalyani Publishers, Noida 
 
E-RESOURCES: 
● Experimental Biochemistry- NPTEL- https://nptel.ac.in/courses/104105102 
● Biochemistry virtual lab- Amrita https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=64  
● Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering- NPTEL labs- https://www.vlab.co.in/ba nptel-labs-biotechnology-and-biomedical-engineering
 
Academic Year: 
2024-2025
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