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Physiology
Paper Code:
ZOL 411
Credits:
3
Contact Hours:
3.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
8.00
Digestion
Physiology of digestion in the alimentary canal and Role of hormone in digestion; Absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, related
diseases : (gastritis, vomiting, diarrhoea, acidity)
Respiration
- Mechanism and control of breathing.
- Physiology of Respiration
- Concept of partial pressure of gases.
- Bohr's Effect
- Related diseases: (Emphysema, Atelectasis, Dyspnea, Cyanosis, Polycyathemia vera).
12.00
Physiology of Excretion:
- Kinds of nitrogenous excretory end-products
(ammonotelic. uricotelic and ureotelic)
- Functional architecture of mammalian kidney tubule
- Formation of urine
- Hormonal regulation of water and electrolyte balance
Related diseases: (Addison’s disease, Conn’s disease, Diabetes insipidus.)
9.00
Blood
- Composition and function of Blood and lymph
- Blood groups
- Blood coagulation
- Function of hemoglobin.
Physiology of Muscle Contraction
- Functional architecture of skeletal muscle
- Mechanism of skeleton muscle contraction
Related diseases: (Mysthema gravis, Tetenai).
10.00
Heart
- Structure; origin, conduction and regulation of heart beat
- Cardiac cycle
- ECG.
- Related diseases: ( Angina pectoris, Atherosclerosis, cardiac arrest, Tachycardia, Bradycardia)
Peripheral circulation –
- Blood pressure
Capillary pressure
8.00
Physiology of Nerve Impulse and Reflex Action
- Functional architecture of a neuron
- Origin and propagation of nerve impulse,
- Synaptic transmission
- Reflex action and reflex arc
Related diseases: (Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer, Multiple sclerosis, Epilepsy.)
Essential Readings:
- Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Widmaier, E.P., Raff, H. and Strang, K.T. (2008)
- Vander’s Human Physiology, XI Edition., McGraw Hill
- Text Book of Medical Physiology; Guyton, A.C; International student edition. W.B. Saunders.
- Text Book of Medical Physiology; Chatterjee, M.N and Shinde, R.; Jaypee brothers.
- General and Comparative Animal Physiology, Hoar, W.S. Prentice Hall of Indian.
- Animal Physiology: adaptation and Environment, Knut Schiemdt Neilsen. Cambridge Press, UK.
- A regulatory Systems Approach. Strand, F.L. Physiology: Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
- Ganong. Review of medical physiology. 21 st edition, Lang medical Publications.
- Keel et al., Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, 13 th Edition Oxford Press.
Academic Year:
