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General Physiology
Paper Code:
ZOL 221
Credits:
4
Contact Hours:
60.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
15.00
Unit I:
UNIT I
Digestion
- Digestive enzymes and digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids-intestinal absorption and assimilation
Physiology of movement
- Ultra-structure of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle
- Muscle contraction
Physical properties of muscle
15.00
Unit II:
UNIT II
Respiration
- Gases in external environment. Respiratory organs and their ventilation. Respiratory pigments, BMR- transport of respiratory gases(oxygen and carbon dioxide),nervous and chemical control of respiration
Circulation
Vascular pumps, Cardiac muscle properties. Heart beat and its regulation, coagulation, cardiac rhythm, Role of haemoglobin.
10.00
Unit III:
UNIT III
Osmotic and ionic regulation
- Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, air breathing vertebrates
Excretion
Vertebrate kidney and formation of urine-nitrogen excretion- renal regulation of acid base balance
10.00
Unit IV:
UNIT IV
Information processing in sensory and nervous system
- Nervous System- Structural elements, Membrane potential, Nerve impulse propagation, Synapse and Synaptic Transmission and Neurotransmitters
Sensory system-Eye and Ear
10.00
Unit V:
UNIT V
Chemical correlation and Neuroendocrine control
Endocrine glands (Structure ,Function, Synthesis and Disorders)
- Pituitary
- Thyroid
- Adrenal
- Pancreas
- Parathyroid
- Mechanism of Hormone action
- Hormonal control of male and female reproduction and implantation, parturition and lactation in mammals.
Essential Readings:
- Text Book of Medical Physiology; Chatterjee, M.N and Shende, R.; Jaypee brothers.
- A Textbook of Animal Physiology; Berry,A.K.; Emkay Publisher, Delhi.
- Text Book of Medical Physiology; Guyton A.C.;
- Animal Physiology Mechanisms and Adaptation. Eckert, R.W.H. Freeman and Company, New York
- Biochemical Adaptation. I-fochachka,P.W. and Somero, G.N. Princeton, New Jersey.
- General and Comparative Animal Physiology, Hoar, W.S.Prentice Hall of Indian.
- Animal Physiologyl: adaptation and Environment, Schiemdt Neilsen. Cambridge
- A regulatory Systems Approach. Strand, F.L.Physiology: Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
- Practical Biochemistry, Pummer, L. Tata McGraw Hill
- Environmental and Metabolic Animal Psysiology, Prosser, C.L.Wiley-Liss Inc., New York.
- Environmental Psysiology, Willmer,P.G.Stone, and I.Johnson. Blackwell Sci. Oxford, UK.
- Adaptation to Envioronment. Essays on the Psysiology of Marine Animals. Newell, R.C. (ed.) 1976. Butterworths, London, UK.
- Psysiological Ecology: An evolutionally approach to resource use. Townsend, C.R. and P. Cawlow. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, UK
- Optima for Animals. Alexander, R.M.N. Princeton Univ. Press. Princeton, NJ
- Comparative Physiology: Life in water or land. Dejours,P., L. Bolis, C.R.Taylor and ER. Weibel (eds.). Liviana Press, Padova, Italy
- Animals and Temperature: Phenotypic and Evolutionary Adaptation. Johnson, I.A., & A.F.Bennett (eds.) Cambridge Univ.Press, Cambridge, UK.
Academic Year:
