COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES THEORY

Paper Code: 
25CZOL611
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
This course will enable the students to –
1. Compare biological systems across vertebrate groups.
2. Evaluate integumentary and skeletal system development in vertebrates.
3. Differentiate the evolution of circulatory and respiratory systems among vertebrates.
 
Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning outcomes (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course Title

 

 

CO:145 Comparatively

The           approach

Assessmen

 

 

analyze various                              biological

in teaching:

t

 

 

systems    of vertebrate

Interactive

Strategies

 

 

groups (Pisces, Amphibia,

Lectures,

Class test,

 

 

Reptile, Aves, Mammal)

Discussion,

Semester

 

 

CO:146 Appraise the

Demonstration

end

 

 

development of integumentary

,

examinati

 

 

and    Skeletal systems in different

  Mind map

ons, Quiz,

 

 

 

25CZOL611

Comparative

Anatomy of Vertebrates THEORY

  classes of vertebrates. CO:147 Differentiate the evolution of circulatory and respiratory systems and associated similarities and

 dissimilarities among vertebrates.

Learning activities                     for the students: Self-learning assignments,

Effective questions,

Solving problems in tutorials, Assignment s,Presentation.

 

 

CO:148 Compare detailed

Seminar

 

 

 

anatomy    of    the    brain and

presentation,

 

 

 

Various sense organs in

Giving tasks,

 

 

 

vertebrates

Chart preparation

 

 

 

CO :149 Establish evolutionary

 

 

 

 

Relationships among their

 

 

 

 

development.

 

 

 

 

CO:150 Contribute effectively in

 

 

 

 

course-specific interaction

 

 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Comparative study of various systems in vertebrate groups (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammal)Integumentary System

 

Vertebrate integument and its derivatives
Development, general structure and functions of skin & its derivatives(Glands, scales, feathers and hair)
 
12.00
Unit II: 
Circulatory System
Circulatory System
Evolution of heart
Evolution of Aortic arches
12.00
Unit III: 
Respiratory and Skeletal System
Respiratory system: Structure of main respiratory organ. 
Skeletal system: Comparative account of skull and girdles
12.00
Unit IV: 
Urinogenital system

Comparative study of Kidney, Testis and Ovary

12.00
Unit V: 
Nervous System and Sense Organs
Comparative anatomy of the brain Sense organs
Lateral line system Electroreception
Essential Readings: 
Young, J.Z.: The Life of Vertebrates. III Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
● Text book of Chordate Zoology vol. II ;Sandhu, G.S. and Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books.
● Modern text book of Zoology-Vertebrates; Kotpal, Rastogi Publication.
● Liem, K. F., Bemis,W. E., Walker, W.F. & Grande, L. 2001. Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective.Brooks Cole.
● Kardong, Kenneth V. 2012.Vertebrates Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution. McGraw Hill Higher Education. 6th edition. Paperback
 
References: 
Kent, George C. Carr, Robert K. 2009. Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates.McGraw-Hill Science.
● M. Hildebrand, 1995. Analysis of vertebrate structure. (John Wiley & Sons).
● J.S. Kingsley, 1974. Outline of comparative anatomy of vertebrates. (Central Book Depot, Allahabad).
● K.V. Kardong, 2005. Vertebrates: Comparative anatomy, function, evolution (Tata McGraw Hill Co.).
● Warren F. Walker Jr. Functional Anatomy of Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective.
● Walter, H.E. & L.P. Sayles, 1994. Biology of the vertebrates. (The McMillan Co.). (Indian Edition).
● Weichert, C.K. 1970. Anatomy of the chordates. (McGraw-Hill Book Co.).
● Colbert‘s evolution of the vertebrates; Colbert, E.H; John Wiley & Sons
● Pough H. Vertebrate life, VIII Edition, Pearson International
● Huettnor, A.F.: Fundamentals of comparative embryology The Macmillan Comp., New York (1949).
● Nelsen, O.E.: Comparative embryology of Vertebrates (1953).
 
e-RESOURCES:
Academic Year: 
2025-2026
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