Environmental Toxicology II

Air-Pollution

·         Epidemiologic Evidence of Health effects

·         Outdoor air pollution

·         Indoor air pollution

·         Pollutants of outdoor ambient air

·         Type of air pollution (SO₂, particulate matter, photochemical air pollution, smog)

·         Global warming

·         Ozone depletion

Water Pollution

·         Important water pollutants

·         Infectious agents

·         Human waste disposal

Waste water treatment

Food Toxicology

·         Nature and complexity of food

·         Safety standards for food, food ingredients and contaminants

·         (Food, drug & cosmetics Act, food and colour additives, GRAS (generally recognized as safe)

·         Tolerance setting for substances in food (Pesticide residues, drugs used in food producing animals, unavoidable contaminants (heavy metals, chlorinated organics, Nitrosamine, food-borne molds & mycotoxins)

·         Microbiologic Agents

·         Substances produced by cooking

·         BSEC (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy)

Forensic / Analytic Toxicology

·         Analytical role in general toxicology

·         Analytical role in Forensic Toxicology

·         Toxicologic investigation of a poison death

Criminal poisoning of the living

Occupational Toxicology

·         Workplace, exposures, and standards (Nature of the work force, Determinants of dose occupational exposure limits)

·         Occupational diseases

·         Toxicological Evaluation of Occupational agents

Regulatory Toxicology

·         Programs for regulating chemical hazards (Food & Drug Administration, EPA, Occupational Safety and Health Administrations)

·         Regulatory Control over Toxicity

·         Animal Welfare Requirement

Wild Life Toxicology

Degradation of Xenobiotic Compounds

• ·         Persistent Compounds
• ·         Developing the Microorganisms
• ·         Degradation Mechanism
• ·         Genetics & Evolution of Bio-degradation

Bioremediation

• ·         Microorganisms in Bioremediation and their role in bioremediation
• ·         Bioremediation Processes and Technologies
• ·         Monitoring the efficacy of bioremediation

Bioremediation of Marine Oil pollutants and air pollutants

Biofertilizers and Biopesticides

• ·         Biofertilizers in Agrosystem
• ·         Biopesticides
• ·         Microbial and Antimicrobial pesticides
• ·         IPM

Composting

• ·         Types
• ·         Materials
• ·         Process
• ·         Physicochemical Characteristics of the Environment
• ·         Decomposting Stages
• ·         Methods
• ·         Vermicomposting

Bioleaching

• Microorganisms Used
•  Biochemistry
•  Extraction from Mixture
• Types
• Methods
• Metal Precipitation