Developmental Biology

Paper Code: 
ZOL 402
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

 

Course Objectives:

This course will enable the students to

  1. Critically analyze how organisms maintain gamete population, carry out fertilization process, ways and different patterns of cleavage to form zygote.
  2. Explain and reflect the organogenesis in chick, extra embryonic membranes, types & physiology of placenta.
  3. Build deep understanding about the concepts of metamorphosis, apoptosis and teratogenesis.

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

 

 

ZOL 402

 

 

Developmental Biology

The students will –

CO41: Analyze various events occurring during development of an Organism.

CO42: Evaluate the evolution of different concepts in developmental biology

CO43: Formulate the process of Fertilization, different    patterns of cleavage to form zygote.

CO44: Relate and compare the mechanisms of embryonic development, fate maps, organogenesis in chick and about extra embryonic membranes

CO45: Assess types & physiology of     placenta and        process of apoptosis.

Approach in teaching: Interactive class Lectures Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching

 

Learning activities for the students: Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar

Class test Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects

 

 

10.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I
  • Baer’s Law, Biogenetic Law
  • Gametogenesis- Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis, Vitellogenesis
  • Fertilization- (Approximation of Gametes, Capacitation and contact, Acrosomal reactions, Activation of ovum, Migration of Pronuclei and amphimixis ,) and its Significance

 

9.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II

 

  • Parthenogenesis
  • Types of eggs, Planes and Patterns of cleavage, Types of cleavage
  • Blastulation,
  • Gastrulation: Morphogenetic Movements.

 

10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

 

  • Fate maps (amphibian, chick), Methods of preparation of fate maps
  • Organogenesis in Chick
  • Extra embryonic membranes
  • Types & physiology of placenta

 

8.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

 

  • Concept of Embryonic Induction (Types)
  • Regeneration in Vertebrates
  • Ageing: Symptoms and Theories of ageing
  • Stem Cells :Types and Significance

 

8.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

 

  • Metamorphosis in Frog & Insects.
  • Role of Hormones in metamorphosis
  • Apoptosis
  • Teratogenesis

 

Essential Readings: 

 

   BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

●    Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, SinauerAssociates,Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.

●    Balinsky B. I. and Fabian B. C. (1981). An Introduction to Embryology, VEdition, International Thomson Computer Press.

●    Carlson, R. F. Patten's Foundations of Embryology

●    Kalthoff (2008). Analysis of Biological Development, II Edition, McGraw-HillPublishers.

●    Lewis Wolpert (2002). Principles of Development. II Edition, Oxford UniversityPress.

●    Developmental Biology. Berril. N.J. and Karp. G.McGraw Hill, New York.

●    Gene activity during early development, Davidson, E. H. Academic Press, New

 

Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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