TOOLS & TECHNIQUES

Paper Code: 
ZOL222
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course objectives:

This course will enable the students to -

  1. To provide students with a basic understanding of diverse techniques from microscopy to spectroscopy, calorimetry, chromatography, electrophoresis, ELISA, tissue culture to cloning etc.
  2. The course gives a hand on approach to expose the students to modern tools, techniques and methodologies.

  Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes

      (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

ZOL222

Tools

&

Techniques

 

Students will be able to:

CO28: Understand the purpose of the technique and the theoretical basis of technique, its principle of working and its correct application.

CO29: Learn the maintenance of laboratory equipment/ tools, safety hazards and precautions. Understand the technique of cell and tissue culture and an idea on various reproductive technologies

CO30: Learn the principle and applications of radioisotopes in biological sciences and detection and measurement of radiation.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Power Point presentations, Assignments, Demonstration, Guest lectures

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks, Field practical

Class test

Semester end examinations

Quiz

Assignments

Presentation

Individual and group presentations

 

15.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

Principle and application of :-

  •     Light microscopy
  •     Phase contrast microscopy
  •     Polarized microscopy
  •     Fluorescence microscopy
  •     Transmission electron microscopy
  •     Scanning electron microscopy
  •     Confocal scanning microscopy
15.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II

Principle and application of :-

  •     Ultracentrifugation :Differential and density gradient
  •     Electrophoresis: Agarose,PAGE, Isoelectro-focussing points and Capillary electrophoresis
  •     Chromatography:Paper,TLC,GLC,HPLC,Ion-exchange and Affinity chromatography
  •     Lamberts – Beer’s Law and Colorimetry,
  •     Spectrophotometer :Fluorescence,UV,NMR,ESR.
10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Principle and application of radiation techniques in biology

  •     Radioisotopes and half life of isotopes
  •     Tracer techniques in biology
  •     Autoradiography
  •     Geiger Muller counter
  •     Scintillation Counter

Freeze techniques: Freeze –drying, Freeze substitution, Freeze fracture and freeze itch

X-ray diffraction

Flow cytometry/fluorescence activated cell sorter

10.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Principles and technique of :-

  •     Nucleic acid hybridization and cot curves
  •     Sequencing of nucleic acids
  •     Blotting techniques(Southern, Northern and Western)
  •     Polymerase chain reaction
  •     Screening of genomic and complementary DNA libraries
10.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
  •  Hybridoma technology
  •   Embryo sexing     
  •   Assisted reproductive technologies
  •    Cell culture techniques:-culture media, primary and secondary culture, cell line, transformation techniques (in brief)Cell proliferation measurements, Cell viability test
Essential Readings: 

Essential readings

  • Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments, (4th edition), G  Karp, John Wiley & sons, Inc., 2005.

  • Principles and Techniques  of Biochemistry and  Molecular Biology ,(6th edition), K Wilson and J Walker (editor), Cambridge University Press, 2007

  • Introduction to Instrumental analysis; Robert Braun:, Mc –Graw hill,

Suggested Readings

  • Cell and Molecular Biology, (3rd edition), P Sheeler and D E Bianchi, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1987

  • Essentials of Biophysics, P Narayanan, New Age Int. Pub. New Delhi. 2000

  • Fundamental Laboratory Approaches for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, A J Ninfa., D P Ballou,  Fitzgerald science press, Inc., 1998.

  • Principles and Practice of Bioanalysis, R F Venn, Taylor and Francis, 2003

  • Bioinstrumentation, J G Webster,  John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2004     

  • Protein Purification Principles and Practice, (3rd edition), R K Scopes, Spring International, 2004

  • Spectroscopy for the Biological Sciences, G GHames, John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2005  

References: 

Essential readings

    Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments, (4th edition), G  Karp, John Wiley & sons, Inc., 2005.

    Principles and Techniques  of Biochemistry and  Molecular Biology ,(6th edition), K Wilson and J Walker (editor), Cambridge University Press, 2007

    Introduction to Instrumental analysis; Robert Braun:, Mc –Graw hill,

Suggested Readings

    Cell and Molecular Biology, (3rd edition), P Sheeler and D E Bianchi, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1987

    Essentials of Biophysics, P Narayanan, New Age Int. Pub. New Delhi. 2000

    Fundamental Laboratory Approaches for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, A J Ninfa., D P Ballou,  Fitzgerald science press, Inc., 1998.

    Principles and Practice of Bioanalysis, R F Venn, Taylor and Francis, 2003

    Bioinstrumentation, J G Webster,  John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2004     

    Protein Purification Principles and Practice, (3rd edition), R K Scopes, Spring International, 2004

    Spectroscopy for the Biological Sciences, G GHames, John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2005 

Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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