Tools and Techniques

Paper Code: 
LSC 143D
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
12.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I :

Spectroscopy: Spectroscopy and Spectrometry, Types of Spectroscopy.  Atomic Spectroscopy: Flame Emission Spectroscopy and X- Ray Spectroscopy                            Molecular Spectroscopy: IR Spectroscopy, UV Spectroscopy and Visible Spectroscopy Nuclear Spectroscopy:  NMR Spectroscopy 

 

12.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II :

Microscopy: Magnifiers and microscopes, simple and compound microscopes.  Types of microscopy – Optical Microscopy (Bright Field and Dark Field Microscopy, Phase contrast Microscopy, Fluorescence Microscopy, Confocal and Wide Field Deconvolution Microscopy ); Electron Microscopy (SEM, TEM).

12.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Histology of Tissues: Selection of material, chemical fixation, fixatives,  tissue dehydration using a graded solvent series of ethanol or acetone,  rehydration, infiltration and embedding tissues, sectioning, mounting and staining, alternate methods of microtomy (cryotome, cryostat and vibratome). 

12.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Chromatography:  Technique, types, applications and limitations.

Techniques based on bed shape- Column Chromatography, Paper Chromatography and Thin Layer Chromatography

Techniques based on physical state of mobile phase- Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Techniques based on separating mechanism- Ion Exchange Chromatography and Size Exclusion Chromatography         

 

                     

12.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

Microbiological techniques: Sterilization and disinfection, Simple and Complex Media, Preparation of media -solid and liquid media, nutrient agar slabs, slants and plates, Staining techniques, simple and differential staining, Instrumentation,  Inoculation, Pure culture techniques: streak plate, pour plate and spread plate method.           

Essential Readings: 
• A Biology Guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry. Wilson, K & Goulding, KH. ELBS edition.
• Introduction to Instrumental Analysis. Robert Brown. Mc Graw Hill Internatiuonal Edition.
• Introduction to Practical Molecular Biology. Dabre, PG. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
• Kuby Immunology (fourth edition). Golds, RA. Thomas J. Kintz, Barbara, A. Osborne, Freeman & Co., New York.
• Microbiological Applications: A Laboratory Manual in General Microbiology. Benson, HJ. WCG; WnC Brown Publishers.
• Microbiology, A Laboratory Manual. Cappuccino, JG and Sherman, N. Addison Wesley.
• Molecular and Cellular Methods in Biology & Medicine. 1995. Win, K, Kim & Cseke. CRC Press, Florida  
• Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Sambrook,J Fritsch, EF & Maniatis, T. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
 
Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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