Structure and function of Vertebrates

Paper Code: 
ZOL 321
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course objectives:
This course will enable the students to -
  1. Correlate general characters of vertebrates, level of organization in different vertebrate classes and their origin and evolutionary relationship. 
  2. Distinguish the structural and functional aspects of each organ system of the body in different vertebrate groups (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammals). 
  3. Development of concepts related to general structure and functions of skin, evolution of heart and aortic arches, functions and structures of respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, urinogenital, nervous and sensory systems of different vertebrate groups. 
  4. Perceive the course of evolution of various life processes in diverse vertebrate groups.
 
Course Outcomes (COs): 
 

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

ZOL 321

Structure & function of vertebrates

Students will –

CO62: Compare and contrast the anatomy of each of the major vertebrate taxa

CO63: Evaluate the classification of  vertebrate, given information on its anatomy andor development

CO64:Associate whether structures in different vertebrate taxa are homologous based on the embryonic origins of these structures

CO65:Judge the major characters that arose during the evolutionary history of vertebrates and indicate these characters on a phylogenetic tree

CO 66: Assemble the knowledge of animal diversity and apply it in relating the organisms in different phylum.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks, Field practical

 

Class test

Semester end examinations,

Quiz

Assignments,

Presentation

Surprise test

Open book test

 

10.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I :
Outline classification of vertebrates upto orders
  • Comparative study (Structural and Functional) of various systems in vertebrate groups(Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammal)
 
Vertebrate integument and its derivatives-
 
  • Development, general structure and functions of skin & its
  • Derivatives (Glands, scales, feathers and hair)
14.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II :
Circulatory System
  • Evolution of heart
  • Evolution of Aortic arches
Respiratory System
  • Structure of Main Respiratory Organ and Accessory Organs
12.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
 Skeletal System-
  • Function and Components of Skeletal System (Skull, Vertebral Column, Limbs and Girdles)
  • Types of Jaw Suspensoria
12.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV
Urinogenital System
  • Kidney, Testis and Ovary and their ducts
12.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
Nervous system
  • Anatomy of brain in relation to its function
Sense organs
  • Simple receptors Lateral line system
  • Electroreception
 
Essential Readings: 
  • The life of Vertebrates; Young J.Z.; Oxford University Press.Oxford.
  • Colbert’s evolution of the vertebrates; Colbert E.H; John Willey andSons.
  • The chordata, Alexander, R.M.Cambridge University Press,London.
  • The Biology of Hemichordata and Protochordata. Barrington, E.J.W. OlterandBoyd. Edinhourgh.
  • The Structure functions of nervous tissue. Bourne, G.H. Academic Press New York.
  • Structure and Habit in vertebrate evolution - carter, G.S.Sedgwick and Jackson. London
  • The Understanding of the brain. Eccles, J.C. McGraw Hill Co., New York and London.
  • Outlines of comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Kingsley, J.S. Central Book Depot. Allahabad.
  • Comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Kent. C.G. Chordata morphology. Malcom Jollie. East-West Press Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.
  • Analysis of vertebrate structure. Milton Hilderhrand. John Wiley and Sons., Inc, New York
  • The Chordates. Monielli. A.R.Cambridge University press. London.
Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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