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Physiology
Paper Code:
ZOL 411
Credits:
3
Contact Hours:
45.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
Objective:
This course will enable the students to -
- Compare physiology at cellular and system levels.
- Appraise the role and functions of different biomolecules.
- Evaluate the physiology of digestion, respiration, muscles, nervous system, circulatory system and their associated disorders.
Course Outcomes (COs):
8.00
Unit I:
Unit I
- Physiology of digestion in the alimentary canal and Role of hormone in digestion
- Absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, related diseases: (gastritis, vomiting, diarrhoea, acidity)
- Physiology of Muscle Contraction
- Functional architecture of skeletal muscle
- Mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction
- Related diseases: (Tetany)
10.00
Unit II:
Unit II
Kinds of nitrogenous excretory end-products
(ammonotelic. uricotelic and ureotelic)
Functional architecture of mammalian kidney tubule
Formation of urine, Counter current mechanism
Hormonal regulation of water and electrolyte balance
Related diseases: (Addison’s disease, Conn’s disease, Diabetes insipidus.)
9.00
Unit III:
Unit III
Blood
- Composition and function of Blood and lymph
- Blood groups
- Blood coagulation
- Function of hemoglobin.
Respiration
- Mechanism and control of breathing.
- Physiology of Respiration, Transportation of O2 and CO2
- Concept of partial pressure of gases.
- Bohr's Effect
- Related diseases: (Emphysema, Atelectasis, Dyspnea, Cyanosis, Polycyathemiavera).
10.00
Unit IV:
Unit IV
Heart
- Structure; origin, conduction and regulation of heart beat
- Cardiac cycle
- ECG.
- Related diseases: (Angina pectoris, Atherosclerosis, cardiac arrest, Tachycardia, Bradycardia)
- Peripheral circulation –
- Blood pressure
- Capillary pressure
8.00
Unit V:
Unit V
- Physiology of Nerve Impulse and Reflex Action
- Functional architecture of a neuron
- Origin and propagation of nerve impulse,
- Synaptic transmission
- Reflex action and reflex arc
- Related diseases: (Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer, Multiple sclerosis, Epilepsy.)
Essential Readings:
- A TextBook of Medical Physiology; Guyton, A.C; International student edition. W.B. Saunders.
- Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Sembulingam, K. andSembulingam. Essentials of medical Physiology, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, New Delhi.
- Widmaier, E.P., Raff, H. and Strang, K.T. (2008)
- Vander’s Human Physiology, XI Edition., McGraw Hill
- A TextBook of Medical Physiology; Chatterjee, M.N and Shinde, R.; Jaypee brothers.
- General and Comparative Animal Physiology, Hoar, W.S. Prentice Hall of Indian.
- Animal Physiology: adaptation and Environment, Knut SchiemdtNeilsen. Cambridge Press, UK.
- A regulatory Systems Approach. Strand, F.L. Physiology: Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
- Ganong. Review of medical physiology. 21 st edition, Lang medical Publications.
- Keel et al., Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, 13 th Edition Oxford Press.
- Animal Physiology. R. W. Hill, G.A. Wyse and M. Anderson, Sinauer, New York.
- An Introduction to Animal Physiology, Ian Kay, Bios scientific Pub., Oxford, U
- Animal Physiology Mechanisms and Adaptation. Eckert, R.W.H. Freeman and Company, New York
- Environmental Physiology, Willmer,P.G.Stone, and I.Johnson. Blackwell Sci. Oxford, UK.
- Adaptation to Environment. Essays on the Physiology of Marine Animals. Newell, R.C. (ed.) 1976. Butterworths, London, UK.
- Physiological Ecology: An evolutionary approach to resource use. Townsend, C.R. and P. Cawlow. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, UK
- Optima for Animals. Alexander, R.M.N. Princeton Univ. Press. Princeton, NJ
- Comparative Physiology: Life in water or land. Dejours,P., L. Bolis, C.R.Taylor and ER. Weibel (eds.). Liviana Press, Padova,
Academic Year:
