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PERSPECTIVES IN ECOLOGY
Paper Code:
CZOL113T
Credits:
4
Contact Hours:
60.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
Objective:
9.00
Unit I:
Unit I: Introduction to Ecology
History of ecology, Autecology and synecology, Levels of organization,
Laws of limiting factors,
Concepts of limiting factors
Abiotic Factors of Environment—temperature, light, pressure
Substratum-Soil as a substratum
12.00
Unit II:
Unit II: Population
Unitary and Modular populations
Unique and group attributes of population: Density, natality, mortality, life tables,
fecundity tables, survivorship curves, age ratio, sex ratio, dispersal and dispersion
Exponential and logistic growth, equation and patterns, r and K strategies
Population regulation - density-dependent and independent factors
Population interactions, Gause’s Principle with laboratory and field examples,
14.00
Unit III:
Unit III: Community Ecology
Community characteristics: species richness, dominance, diversity, abundance, vertical stratification,
Ecotone and edge effect;
Ecological succession
Intraspecific & interspecific relationships
Niche concept
Predation & parasitism- Concept, Host- parasite relationship
12.00
Unit IV:
Unit IV: Ecosystem
Types of ecosystems with one example in detail, Food chain: Detritus and grazing food chains, Linear and Y-shaped food chains, Food web, Energy flow through the ecosystem, Ecological pyramids and Ecological efficiencies
Nutrient and biogeochemical cycles :Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Sulpur, Carbon cycle
13.00
Unit V:
Unit V: Applied Ecology
Ecology in Wildlife Conservation and Management
Habitat Ecology: Fresh water, Marine, Terrestrial- Desert, Estuarine water
Essential Readings:
ESSENTIAL READINGS:
● P.D. Sharma, Ecology & Environment Rastogi Publications.
● Fundamentals of ecology; Odum, E.P.; W.B.Saunders, New Delhi.
● Ecology. Gary Miller, Robert, E. Riclefs. W.H. Freeman, USA.
● Elements of Ecology, 5 Ed Robert Leo Smith et al. Harper Collins.
● Environmental Biology (Cambridge Advanced Sciences) Michael Reiss.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● Ecology and Field Biology, Robert L Smith, Harper CollinsPub, New York.
● Textbook of Ecology, G.T. Miller and S. Spoolman, Brookes Cole, England.
e-RESOURCES:
e-JOURNALS:
ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Academic Year:
