Molecular Biology & Genetics II

Paper Code: 
ZOL 202
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course Objectives: 
 
This course will enable the students to 
1. Correlate the basic concepts of molecular biology and genetics 
2. Develop understanding of structure and packing of genetic material in the nucleus. 
3. Illustrate how DNA in a genome is organized, replicated, and repaired. 
4. Critically analyze how genetic information in the DNA is selectively expressed as functional  proteins. 
5. Distinguish Chromosomes involved in Sex determination, chromosomal  
aberrations and Mutations and their consequences. 
 
 

Course

Learning outcomes 

(at course level)

Learning and 

teaching 

strategies

Assessment 

Strategies

Paper

Code

Paper 

Title

ZOL 

202

Molecular  Biology &  Genetics II

The students will 

CO19: Simulate the structure  and packing of genetic  material in the nucleus.

CO20: Analyze the structure  and types of Nucleic acids  CO21: Correlate the process  and importance of DNA  replication, Transcription and  translation in the cell.

CO22: Deduce the concept of  chromosomes involved in sex  determination

CO23: Formulate how natural  polymorphism and genetic  variation can give rise to  mutant genes, and how these  genetic errors are inherited.

Approach in teaching:

Class Lectures

Seminars, 

Discussion, 

Tutorials, 

Reading

assignments,

Demonstration,

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning

assignments,

Effective

questions, 

Simulation, 

Seminar 

presentation, 

Giving tasks, Field practical

Group 

discussion 

Class test, 

Semester end 

examinations 

Quiz

Solving 

problems in 

tutorials 

Assignments 

Presentation 

Individual and  group projects
 
 
9.00
Unit I: 
Unit I
Chromosomes:  
 
● Morphology, Telomeres, Primary & secondary constrictions, Chromatids 
● Chromosome type- Polytene and Lampbrush 
● Chromosomal Organization: Euchromatin and heterochromatin 
● Nucleosome concept 
 
7.00
Unit II: 
Unit-II
DNA 
 
● DNA structure (A, B, Z type) 
● Experiments of Meselson & Stahl 
● Replication(Semi-conservative mechanism) of prokaryotes with reference to polymerases 
● Topoisomerases, Single stranded binding protein, Replication forks(Unidirectional &  Bidirectional), Leading & lagging strand, RNA primers & Okazaki fragments 
 
10.00
Unit III: 
Unit III
RNA 
 
● Structure & types (mRNA, rRNA, tRNA) 
● Transcription of prokaryotes (Idea about Polymerases) 
● Translation – Basic idea about Protein synthesis of prokaryotes 
● Genetic code 
 

 

10.00
Unit IV: 
IV
 
● Determination of Sex – Chromosomal mechanism & environmental influence, the sexual  function of X &Y chromosome, Gynandromorphs, Genic Balance Theory 
● Sex linked inheritance in man (Colour-blindness &Haemophilia)& Drosophila (Eye colour),  Y linked genes, Sex limited genes, Sex influenced genes 
 
 
 
9.00
Unit V: 
Unit V
 
● Human genetics- Chromosomal & single gene disorder, Genetics counseling, Amniocentesis 
 
● Eugenics & Euthenics
 
Essential Readings: 
ESSENTIAL READINGS:
● Cell Biology by C.B. Powar; Himalaya Publishing House 
● A Textbook of Genetics; Rastogi, V.B.; Ramnath Kedarnath. 
● Cell and Molecular Biology; Phillip Sheeler Donald E. Bianchi; John Wiley and Sons.       
 ● The Cell: A Molecular Approach. Cooper, G. Houseman G.R. SinaeurAssoc, New York.     
● Genetics; Winchester, A.M; Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. 
● Genetics; Strickberger; Macmillan, Prentice Hall of India. 
● Principles of Genetics; Gardener, E,J; Wiley eastern, New Delhi. 
● Primrose, S.B. Tyman, R.M. and Old, R.W. Principles of gene manipulation,  Willey- Blacwell. 
 
 
 
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● Cell and Molecular Biology; Gerald Karp; John Wiley and Sons,inc 
● Molecular Biology of the cell; Bruce Alberts, Julian Lewis, James D.Watson; Garland Publishings 
● Cell and Molecular Biology; Phillip Sheeler, Donald E. Bianchi; John Wiley and Sons.  Becker, W.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J. and Bertoni, G. P. (2009). The World of the Cell.  VII Edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San 
● Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, 
● Peter Walter: Molecular Biology of the Cell, IV Edition. 
● Cooper G. M. and Robert E. Hausman R. E. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, V Edition,  ASM Press and Sinauer Associates. 
● De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. (2006). Cell and Molecular Biology. VIII  Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. 
● Karp, G. (2010) Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. VI Edition. John  Wiley and Sons. Inc. 
● Lewin B. (2008). Gene XI, Jones and Bartlett 
● McLennan A., Bates A., Turner, P. and White M. (2015). Molecular Biology IV Edition.  GS, Taylor and Francis Group, New York and London
 
e-RESOURCES:
● Cell biology -NPTEL- https://nptel.ac.in/courses/102103012
● Molecular Biology-NPTEL-https://nptel.ac.in/courses/102104052
 
e- JOURNAL:
Molecular and Cellular Biology
BMC Cell and Molecular Biology- ISSN: 2661-8850
 
Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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