Molecular Biology & Genetics II

Paper Code: 
ZOL-202
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Objectives

The course objectives to provide students with a basic understanding of:

  1. Structure and packing of genetic material in the nucleus.
  2. How the DNA in a genome is organized, replicated, and repaired
  3. How genetic information in the DNA is selectively expressed as functional proteins.
  4. How genetic information transferred in the forms of codons and post translational modifications.
  5. Chromosomes involved in Sex determination
  6. Chromosomal aberrations and Mutations.
  7. Human genetics and  Genetics counseling,
  8. What is Eugenics & Euthenics

 

Learning outcomes- By the end of the course, students should be able to:

  1. Describe the Structure and packing of genetic material in the nucleus.
  2. Compare different chromosomes according to their structure and packing in the nucleus.
  3. Describe the structure and types of Nucleic acids
  4.  Describe the process and importance of DNA replication.
  5. Describe the process of Transcription and translation in the cell.
  6. Describe the chromosomes involved in Sex determination
  7. Understand how natural polymorphism and genetic variation can give rise to mutant genes, and how these genetic errors are inherited;
  8. Understand the role of genetics in human welfare and genetic counseling.
9.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I
  • Chromosomes: Morphology, Telomeres, Primary & secondary constrictions, Chromatids
  • Chromosome type- Polytene&Lampbrush
  • Chromosomal Organization: Euchromatin and heterochromatin
 

Nucleosome concept

7.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II
  • DNA structure(A, B, Z type)
  • Experiments of Messelson& Stahl
  • Replication(Semi-conservative mechanism) of prokaryotes with reference to polymerases
 

Topoisomerases, Single stranded binding protein, Replication forks(Unidirectional & Bidirectional), Leading & lagging strand, RNA primers & Okazaki fragments

10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
  • RNA structure & types( mRNA, rRNA, tRNA)
  •  Transcription of prokaryotes
  • (Idea about Polymerases)
  • Translation – Basic idea about  Protein synthesis  of prokaryotes
 

Genetic code

10.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV
  • Determination of Sex – Chromosomal mechanism & environmental influence, the sexual function of X &Y chromosome, Gynandromorphs, Genic Balance Theory
 

Sex linked inheritance in man (Colour-blindness &Haemophilia)& Drosophila (Eye colour), Y linked genes, Sex limited genes, Sex influenced genes

9.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
  • Mutations- Chromosomal aberrations, Gene mutations
  • Human genetics- Chromosomal & single gene disorder, Genetics counseling, Amniocentesis
  • Eugenics & Euthenics
 
Essential Readings: 
  • Cell Biology by C.B. Powar; Himalaya Publishing House
  • A Textbook of Genetics; Rastogi, V.B.; Ramnath&Kedarnath.
  • Cell and Molecular Biology; Phillip Sheeler   Donald E. Bianchi; John Wiley and Sons.
  • The Cell: A Molecular Approach. Cooper, G. Houseman G.R. SinaeurAssoc, New York.

 

References: 
  • Genetics; Winchester, A.M; Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.
  • Genetics; Strickberger; Macmillan, Prentice Hall of India.
  • Principles of Genetics; Gardener, E,J; Wiley eastern, New Delhi.
  • Primose, S.B. Tyman, R.M. and Old, R.W. Principles of gene manipulation, Willey-          Blacwell.
  • Cell and Molecular Biology; Gerald Karp; John Wiley and Sons,inc
  • Molecular Biology of the cell; Bruce Alberts, Julian Lewis, James D.Watson; Garland       Publishings
  • Cell and Molecular Biology; Phillip Sheeler,   Donald E. Bianchi; John Wiley and Sons.    Becker, W.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J. and Bertoni, G. P. (2009). The World of the Cell. VII Edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San
  • Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts,
  • Peter Walter: Molecular Biology of the Cell, IV Edition.
  • Cooper G. M. and Robert E. Hausman R. E. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, V Edition,             ASM Press and Sinauer Associates.
  • De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. (2006). Cell and Molecular Biology. VIII Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
  •       Karp, G. (2010) Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. VI Edition. John Wiley and Sons. Inc.
  •       Lewin B. (2008). Gene XI, Jones and Bartlett
  •       McLennan A., Bates A., Turner, P. and White M. (2015). Molecular Biology IV Edition. GS, Taylor and Francis Group, New York and London.

 

Academic Year: 
2019-2020
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