General Physiology

Paper Code: 
ZOL-221
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
15.00

Digestion

  • Digestive enzymes and digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids-intestinal absorption and  assimilation

Physiology of movement

  • Ultra-structure of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle
  • Muscle contraction

Physical properties of muscle

15.00

Respiration

  • Gases in external environment. Respiratory organs and their ventilation. Respiratory pigments, BMR- transport of respiratory gases(oxygen and carbon dioxide),nervous and chemical control of respiration

Circulation

Vascular pumps, Cardiac muscle properties. Heart beat and its regulation, coagulation, cardiac rhythm, Role of haemoglobin.

10.00

Osmotic and ionic regulation

  • Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, air breathing vertebrates

Excretion

Vertebrate kidney and formation of urine-nitrogen excretion- renal regulation of acid base balance

10.00

Information processing in sensory and nervous system

  • Nervous System- Structural elements, Membrane potential, Nerve impulse propagation, Synapse and Synaptic Transmission and Neurotransmitters

Sensory system-Eye and Ear

10.00

Chemical correlation and Neuroendocrine control

Endocrine glands (Structure ,Function, Synthesis and Disorders)

Ø  Pituitary

Ø  Thyroid

Ø  Adrenal

Ø  Pancreas

Ø  Parathyroid

  • Mechanism of Hormone action
  • Hormonal control of male and female reproduction and implantation, parturition and lactation in mammals.
Essential Readings: 
  • Text Book of Medical Physiology; Chatterjee, M.N and Shende, R.; Jaypee brothers.
  • A Textbook of Animal Physiology; Berry,A.K.; Emkay Publisher, Delhi.
  • Text Book of Medical Physiology; Guyton A.C.;
  • Animal Physiology Mechanisms and Adaptation. Eckert, R.W.H. Freeman and Company, New York
  • Biochemical Adaptation. I-fochachka,P.W. and Somero, G.N. Princeton, New Jersey.
  • General and Comparative Animal Physiology, Hoar, W.S.Prentice Hall of Indian.
  • Animal Physiologyl: adaptation and Environment, Schiemdt Neilsen. Cambridge
  • A regulatory Systems Approach. Strand, F.L.Physiology: Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
  • Practical Biochemistry, Pummer, L. Tata McGraw Hill
  • Environmental and Metabolic Animal Psysiology, Prosser, C.L.Wiley-Liss Inc., New York.
  • Environmental Psysiology, Willmer,P.G.Stone, and I.Johnson. Blackwell Sci. Oxford, UK.
  • Adaptation to Envioronment. Essays on the Psysiology of Marine Animals. Newell, R.C. (ed.) 1976. Butterworths, London, UK.
  • Psysiological Ecology: An evolutionally approach to resource use. Townsend, C.R. and P. Cawlow. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, UK
  • Optima for Animals. Alexander, R.M.N. Princeton Univ. Press. Princeton, NJ
    • Comparative Physiology: Life in water or land. Dejours,P., L. Bolis,                         C.R.Taylor and ER. Weibel (eds.). Liviana Press, Padova, Italy
    • Animals and Temperature: Phenotypic and Evolutionary Adaptation. Johnson, I.A., & A.F.Bennett (eds.) Cambridge Univ.Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • Physiological Animal Ecology. Louw, G.N.Longman Harloss, UK.
    • General and Comparative Endocrinology, E.J.W.Barrington. Oxford. Clarendon Press.
    • Comparative Vertebratic Endocrinology. P.J.Bentley. Cambridge University Press.
    • Text Book of Endicrinology, R.H.Williams. W.B. Saunders.
    • Endocrine Physiology. C.R.Martin. Oxford Univ. Press.
    • Comparative Endocrinology, A. Gorbman et al. John Wiley & Sons
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