General Physiology

Paper Code: 
ZOL-401
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course Objectives: 
 
This course will enable the students to 
1. Develop understanding about the physiology at cellular and system levels. 
2. Evaluate and describe the role and functions of different biomolecules and enzymes. 
3. Assemble their knowledge and understand the physiology of various systems. 
4. Evaluate their knowledge and apply it to solve the daily routine physiological problems. 
 
 

Course

Learning outcomes 

(at course level)

Learning and 

teaching 

strategies

Assessment 

Strategies

Paper

Code

Paper Title

ZOL

401

General

Physiology

The students will –

CO38:Illustrate the physiology  of animals at cellular and 

system levels.

CO39: Relate the role and  functions of different 

biomolecules, hormones and  enzymes in human 

physiology.

CO40: Investigate the  physiology of digestion,  respiration, muscles, nervous  system, circulatory system.

Approach in teaching:

Class Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration,

seminars

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks, Field practical

Class test Semester end  examinations  Quiz Solving problems in 

tutorials Assignments  Presentation 

Individual and group projects
 

 

8.00
Unit I: 
Unit I
Digestion 
 
● Physiology of digestion in the alimentary canal and Role of hormone in digestion  
● Absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids 
 
7.00
Unit II: 
Unit-II
Circulation 
 
● Composition & Function of Blood, Coagulation, Haemostasis 
● Structure of Heart, Origin and conduction of the cardiac impulse 
● Cardiac cycle, ECG 
 
12.00
Unit III: 
Unit III
Respiration
 
● Structure of respiratory system 
● Mechanism of Breathing, Respiratory quotient, Respiratory volumes and capacity, 
● concept of partial pressure of gases, Transport of oxygen and Carbon dioxide in blood Excretion 
● Structure & Function of Kidney and nephrons 
● Mechanism of urine formation, Counter-current Mechanism, 
● Hormonal regulation of water & electrolyte balance 
 
8.00
Unit IV: 
IV
Nervous system 
 
● Structure of a neuron 
● Transmission of nerve impulse (resting membrane potential, Graded potential, Origin of  Action potential and its propagation in myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres,) 
● Synapse physiology 
 
Muscular system 
 
● Structure & types of muscle, Ultrastructure of skeletal muscle 
● Molecular and chemical basis of muscle contraction 
 
10.00
Unit V: 
Unit V
Endocrine System 
 
● Biochemical Nature of Hormones, Structure and function of pituitary, thyroid, Parathyroid,  Thymus, pancreas and adrenal 
● Physiology of male reproduction: hormonal control of spermatogenesis; 
● Physiology of female reproduction: hormonal control of menstrual cycle
 
Essential Readings: 
ESSENTIAL READINGS:
● Sembulingam, K.Sembulingam. Essentials of medical Physiology, Jaypee Brothers  Medical Publishers, New Delhi. 
● TextBook of Medical Physiology; Chatterjee, M.N and Shinde, R.; Jaypee brothers.( 2007)
● TextBook of Medical Physiology; Guyton, A.C; International student edition. W.B.  Saunders, 12th edition.
● Medical Physiology Indu Khurana & Arushi Khurana. Publisher: New Delhi : Reed Elsevier India, 2006. 
 
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● General and Comparative Animal Physiology, Hoar, W.S.Prentice Hall of Indian. 
● Animal Physiology: adaptation and Environment,KnutSch mdt Nielsen. Cambridge Press,  UK. 
● Ganong. Review of medical physiology. 21 st edition, Lang medical Publications. 
● An Introduction to Animal Physiology, Ian Kay, Bios scientific Pub., Oxford, UK.
 
e-RESOURCES:
● e-PGpathshala- inflibnet center- 
● Physiology- swayam prabha-https://dth.ac.in/medical/course.php
● Anatomy- Swayam Prabha-  https://dth.ac.in/medical/course.php
 
e- JOURNALS:
● American Journal of Physiology-
● Journal of Applied Physiology
● Frontiers in Physiology
Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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