Embryology and Teratology

Paper Code: 
LSC 144 B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
15.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I
Teratogenesis
 
• General principle of teratology (genetic factors, critical period, initiating mechanism, consequences of abnormal development, Access to embryo and fetus- dose response relationship)
• Teratological mechanism (mutation, chromosomal abnormalities, mitotic interference, interference with nucleic acid function, nutritional deficiencies , altered energy, changes in osmolarity, changes in cell membrane, enzyme inhibition.)
• Teratogens; some specific examples.(Human and experimental animals)
• Transport and biotransformation of xenobiotics by placenta/extra embryonic membranes.
10.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II
Reproductive Toxicology
• Female reproduction (Hypothalamus, ovary assessment of female reproductive functions),
• Male reproduction (Biology of male reproduction, assessment of male reproductive function)
10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
Embryogenesis of Chick
• Reproduction
• Structure and chemistry of the fertilized egg
• Cleavage
• Blastulation
• Gastrulation
• Neurulation and tubulation
10.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV
Development of chick according to the hours of incubation
• 24hrs
33 hrs
• 48 hrs
• 72 hrs
• 96 hrs till hatching.
• Extra embryonic membranes of chick-types and their development

 

15.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
Avian Teratology:
• Acute Oral Toxicity Studies
• Dietary Toxicity Studies
• Endocrine Disruptor Studies
• Embryotoxicity of Industrial Chemical on chick embryo
• Physiological and Biological effects of pesticide residues in poultry
Essential Readings: 
Books Recommended:
• Developmental Biology:Scott F.Gilbert;Sinauer Associates,Inc.Publishers
• An Introduction to Embryology:B.I.Balinsky:Thomson Brooks
Academic Year: 
2019-2020
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