Embryology and Teratology

Paper Code: 
LSC 144 B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
15.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I :

Teratogenesis

·         General principle of teratology (genetic factors, critical period, initiating mechanism, consequences of abnormal development, Access to embryo and fetus- dose response relationship)

·         Teratological mechanism (mutation, chromosomal abnormalities, mitotic interference, interference with nucleic acid function, nutritional deficiencies , altered energy, changes in osmolarity, changes in cell membrane, enzyme inhibition.)

·         Teratogens; some specific examples.(Human and experimental animals)

·         Transport and biotransformation of xenobiotics by placenta/extra embryonic membranes.

12.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II :

Reproductive Toxicology

·      Female reproduction (Hypothalamus, ovary assessment of female reproductive functions),

·      Male reproduction (Biology of male reproduction, assessment of male reproductive function)

 

10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
Embryogenesis of Chick
• Reproduction
• Structure and chemistry of the fertilized egg
• Cleavage
• Blastulation
• Gastrulation
• Neurulation and tubulation
10.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV
Development of chick according to the hours of incubation
• 24hrs
33 hrs
• 48 hrs
• 72 hrs
• 96 hrs till hatching.
• Extra embryonic membranes of chick-types and their development

 

10.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
Avian Teratology:
• Acute Oral Toxicity Studies
• Dietary Toxicity Studies
• Endocrine Disruptor Studies
• Embryotoxicity of Industrial Chemical on chick embryo
• Physiological and Biological effects of pesticide residues in poultry
Essential Readings: 
  • Developmental Biology:Scott F.Gilbert;Sinauer Associates,Inc.Publishers
  • An Introduction to Embryology:B.I.Balinsky:Thomson Brooks

 

Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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