Embryology and Teratology

Paper Code: 
LSC 144 B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
15.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

Teratogenesis

  • General principle of teratology (genetic factors, critical period, initiating mechanism, consequences of abnormal development, Access to embryo and fetus- dose response relationship)
  •  
  • Teratological mechanism (mutation, chromosomal abnormalities, mitotic interference, interference with nucleic acid function, nutritional deficiencies , altered energy, changes in osmolarity, changes in cell membrane, enzyme inhibition.)
  •  
  • Teratogens; some specific examples.(Human and experimental animals)
  •  
  • Transport and biotransformation of xenobiotics by placenta/extra embryonic membranes.
Unit II: 
UNIT II

Reproductive Toxicology

  • Female reproduction (Hypothalamus, ovary assessment of female reproductive functions),
  • Male reproduction (Biology of male reproduction, assessment of male reproductive function)

 

10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Embryogenesis of Chick

·         Reproduction

·         Structure and chemistry of the fertilized egg

·         Cleavage

·         Blastulation

·         Gastrulation

Neurulation and tubulation

10.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Development of chick according to the hours of incubation

  • 24hrs
  • 33 hrs
  • 48 hrs
  • 72 hrs
  • 96 hrs till hatching.

Extra embryonic membranes of chick-types and their development

15.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

Avian Teratology:

  • Acute Oral Toxicity Studies
  • Dietary Toxicity Studies
  • Endocrine Disruptor Studies
  • Embryotoxicity of Industrial Chemical on chick embryo

Physiological and Biological effects of pesticide residues in poultry 

Essential Readings: 
  • Developmental Biology:Scott F.Gilbert;Sinauer Associates,Inc.Publishers
  • An Introduction to Embryology:B.I.Balinsky:Thomson Brooks
Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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