Developmental Biology

Paper Code: 
ZOL-413
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
Course objectives:  
This course will enable the students to - 
1. Appraise the mechanism of development of an individual from a single cell zygote 
2. Review the events of fertilization, types of cleavage, stages and cellular mechanisms for  gastrulation. 
3. Construct fate maps 
4. Speculate the process of organogenesis in Chick, 
5. Analyse the types & physiology of the placenta 
6. Evaluate the role of hormones in metamorphosis.  
7. Describe the process of Teratogenesis
 
Course Outcomes (COs):  
 

Course 

Learning outcomes 

(at course level)

Learning and  teaching strategies

Assessment  Strategies 

Paper  

Code

Paper Title

ZOL-413 

Developmental biology

The students will  

CO 69: Critically analyze the  mechanism of development of an  individual from a single cell zygote  CO 70: Conjecture the process of  fertilization, types of cleavage, stages  and cellular mechanisms for  gastrulation. 

CO 71: Interpret organogenesis in  Chick, Extra embryonic membranes,  Types & physiology of the placenta CO 72: Relate the Role of Hormones in  metamorphosis  

CO 73: Judge the role of various  teratogens

The approach in  teaching: 

Interactive Lectures,  Discussion, Tutorials,  Reading assignments,  Demonstration,  

PowerPoint  

presentations,  

Explanation by videos Learning activities for  the students: 

Self learning  assignments, Effective  questions, Simulation,  Seminar presentation,  Giving tasks

● Class test  

● Semester end  

examinatio 

ns, 

● Quiz,  

● Assignments,  

● Presentation 

● Surprise  

test 

● Open book  test

 

9.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I:
● Baer’s Law, Biogenetic Law 
● Gametogenesis- Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis, Vitellogenesis 
● Fertilization- Approximation of Gametes, Capacitation and contact, Acrosomal reactions,  activation of ovum,Migration of Pronuclei and Amphimixis and Significance 
 
10.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II:
● Types of eggs 
● Cleavage: Planes and Patterns of cleavage, Types of cleavage 
● Blastulation, Gastrulation, Morphogenetic Movements(Types and Significance)
● Neurulation
● Morphogenesis and Growth
 
10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III:
● Fate maps (amphibian andchick): Methods of preparation of Fate maps 
● Organogenesis in Chickupto 96 hours of incubation 
● Extra embryonic membranes 
● Types & physiology of placenta 
 
9.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV:
● Concept of Embryonic Induction (types) and Competance
● Teratogenesis: Birth defects in chick 
● Regeneration in Vertebrates 
● Ageing(overview) 
● Stem Cells: Types and Significance 
 
7.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V:
● Metamorphosis in Frog & Insects. 
● Role of Hormones in metamorphosis 
● Parthenogenesis 
 
Essential Readings: 
• P S Verma and V K Agarwal Chordate Embryology S. Chand Publishing, 2006 ISBN 8121902614
• K.V. Sastry &Vineeta Shukla Developmental Biology 2nd Revised Edition: 2018-2019 ISBN 978-93-5078-128-9.
• Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, SinauerAssociates,Inc., Publishers,  Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA. 
• Balinsky B. I. and Fabian B. C. (1981). An Introduction to Embryology, VEdition, International  Thompson Computer Press. 
 
References: 
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● Carlson, R. F. Patten's Foundations of Embryology 
● Kalthoff (2008). Analysis of Biological Development, II Edition, McGraw-HillPublishers. 
● Lewis Wolpert (2002). Principles of Development. II Edition, Oxford UniversityPress.
● Developmental Biology. Berril. N.J. and Karp. G.McGraw Hill, New York. 
● Gene activity during early development, Davidson, E. H. Academic Press, New York.
 
e-RESOURCES:
 
JOURNAL: 
• Journal of Developmental Biology
• International Journal of Developmental Biology
 
Academic Year: 
2022-2023
  • Printer-friendly version
  • PDF version