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COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF VERTEBRATE (Theory)
Course objectives:
This course will enable the students to -
- Differentiate various biological systems among vertebrate groups (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammal)
- Compare integumentary and Skeletal systems in different classes of vertebrates.
- Analyze evolution of circulatory and respiratory systems.
- Appraise the anatomy of the brain and various sense organs in vertebrates and the evolutionary relationships among their development.
- Understand the developmental processes that occur in Vertebrates
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Course |
Learning outcomes (at course level) |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Course Code |
Course Title |
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25CZOL 201 |
Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology of Vertebrates (Theory) |
CO 13: Appraise the development of Integumentary, Skeletal and digestive systems in different classes of vertebrates. CO 14: Comparatively analyze respiratory and circulatory of vertebrate groups (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptile, Aves, Mammal) CO 15: Compare detailed anatomy of urogenital systems and various sense organs in vertebrates and establish the evolutionary relationships among their development. CO 16: Build understanding of early embryonic development from gametogenesis to neurulation CO 17: Analyze late embryonic development in vertebrates. CO18:Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction |
The approach in teaching: Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching Learning activities for the students: Self-learning Assignment, Effec tive questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks like chart or model preparation |
Class test Semester end examinations, Quiz, Assignments, Presentation Surprise test Open book Test |
Integumentary System Derivatives of integument w.r.t. glands, scales , feathers and hair Skeletal System
Brief account of axial and appendicular skeleton Digestive System
Brief account of alimentary canal and digestive glands
Respiratory System: Brief account of Gills, lungs
Circulatory System: Evolution of heart and aortic arches
Urinogenital System: Succession of kidney, Evolution of urinogenital ducts
Sense Organs: Types of receptors
Gametogenesis: Spermatogenesis and oogenesis w.r.t. mammals, vitellogenesis in birds
Fertilization: external (amphibians), internal (mammals), blocks to polyspermy
Structure of mature egg and its membranes Patterns of cleavage
Gastrulation: Types of morphogenetic movements
Fate maps
Fate of germ layers
Neurulation in frog embryo
Implantation of embryo in humans, Formation of human placenta and functions, other types of placenta on the basis of histology
Metamorphic events in frog life cycle and its hormonal regulation.
ESSENTIAL READINGS:
● Young, J.Z.: The Life of Vertebrates. III Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
● Text book of Chordate Zoology vol. II ;Sandhu, G.S. and Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books.
● Modern text book of Zoology-Vertebrates; Kotpal, Rastogi Publication.
● Liem, K. F., Bemis,W. E., Walker, W.F. & Grande, L. 2001. Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective.Brooks Cole.
● Kardong, Kenneth V. 2012.Vertebrates Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution. McGraw Hill Higher Education. 6th edition. COURSEback
● P S Verma and V K Agarwal Chordate Embryology S. Chand Publishing, 2006 ISBN 8121902614
● K.V. Sastry & Vineeta Shukla Developmental Biology 2nd Revised Edition: 2018-2019 ISBN 978-93- 5078-128-9.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
● Kent, George C. & Carr,Robert K. 2009. Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates.McGraw -Hill Science.
● M. Hildebrand, 1995. Analysis of vertebrate structure. (John Wiley & Sons).
● J.S. Kingsley, 1974. Outline of comparative anatomy of vertebrates. (Central Book Depot, Allahabad).
● K.V. Kardong, 2005. Vertebrates: Comparative anatomy, function, evolution (Tata McGraw Hill Co.).
● Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
e-RESOURCES:
● https://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/Home/ViewSubject?ca tid=2rAs1Puvga4LW93zMe83... https://nptel.ac.in/courses/104103121
● https://www.swayamprabha.gov.in/index.php/program/archive/9
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