Cell and Molecular Biology II

Paper Code: 
ZOL 423B
12.00
Unit I: 

Molecular Immunology.

  • Discovery of humoral and cellular immunity.
  • Innate (nonspecific) immunity.
  • Adaptive (specific) Immunity.

Cells and organs of immune system.

  • Hematopoiesis.
  • B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, Null cells.
  • Mononuclear cells
  • Granulocytic cells      
  • Mast Cells.
  • Dendritic cells.

Organs of immune system.

  • Primary lyrnphoid organs
  • Lymphatic system.
  • Secondary    lymphoid    organs    

Antigens.

  • Immunogenicity versus autigenicity.
  • Factors that influence immnogenicity
  • Contribution of the immunogens (foreignness, molecular size,      chemical      composition      and      heterogeneity, susceptibility to antigen processing and presentation).
  • Contribution   of  Biological   system. (Genotype   of  the recipient    animal,    immunogen    dosage    and    route    of
  • administration, adjuvants).
  • Epitopes
  • Haptans.
     
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Unit II: 

Immunoglobulins : structure and function.

  • Molecular structure of Ig, Light chain and Heavy chain
  • Immunoglobulin domains.
  • Immunoglobulin classes
  • Immunoglobulin-mediated     effector    functions (Opsonization,activation of complement, antibody dependent cell   mediated cytotoxicity).
  • Antigenic determinants on immunoglobulin (isotype, allotype and idiotype).
  • Monoclonal antibodies.

 

Generation of antibody diversity.

  • Multiple germ line V, D and J gene segments.
  • Combinatorial V-J and V-D-J joining.
  • Junctional flexibility.
  • P-addition and N-addition.
  • Association of heavy and light chain.

Class switching among constant region genes.

  • Expression of Ig genes.
  • Regulation of Ig gene transcription.
  • Antibody genes and antibody engineering.
     
12.00
Unit III: 

Antigen-Antibody Interaction.
Major Histocompatibility complex.

  • General organization and inheritance of MHC.
  • MHC molecules and genes.
  • Genomic maps of MHC genes.
  • Cellular distribution of MHC molecules.
  • Regulation of MHC expression.
  • MHC and immune responsiveness.
  • MHC and disease susceptibility.
     
12.00
Unit IV: 

Antigen Processing and Presentation.

  • Role of antigen presenting cell.
  • Evidence for two processing and presentation              pathways.
    1. Endogenous antigens : The cytosolic pathways.
    2. Exogenous antigens : The endocytic pathway.
  • Presentation of nonpeptide bacterial antigens.

Cytokines.

  • Properties of cytokines.
  • General structure of cytokines.
  • Functions of cytokines.
  • Cytokine related diseases.

Immune system in Health and Disease.

  • Immune response to infectious disease.
  1. Viral infections.
  2. Bacterial infections.
  3. Protozoa and diseases.
  4. Diseases caused by helminthes.
     
12.00
Unit V: 

Vaccine.

  • Active and passive immunization.
  • Types of vaccines

AIDS and other immunodeficiencies.

Autoimmunity:Proposed mechanisms for induction of autoimmunity.

  • Organ specific autoimmune disease.
  • Systemic autoimmune diseases.

  

Essential Readings: 
  1. De Robertis E.D.P. and De Robertis Jr, E.M.F., Cell andiEMolecular Biology. K. M. Varghese Cop. Bombay, 1998.
  2. Adams RLP. knowler J.T. and Leader D.P. The Biochemistry of the Nucleic Acids. Chapman and Hall, London, 1986
  3. Walker J.M. and Gingold E.B. Molecular BIology and Biotechnology Parnima Educational Book Agency, New Delhi, 1992.
  4. Alhberts B, Bray D, LewioJ, RaffM, Roberts K and Watson J.D. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York, 1994.
  5. Glick B. R. and Pasternak 1.1. Molecular Biotechnology Principles and Applications of Recombinant liDNA. ASM Press, Washington, 1998.
  6. Bolrover S.R. Hyams J.S., Jones S. Shephard E.A. and White H.A. From genes to cells. Wiley-liss, New York, 1997.
  7. Winnacker E.L. From genes to clones Introduction to gene technology Panima Education BookAgency, New Delhi. æ VCH Publishers, New York, 1987.
  8. Gerbare J. and Kirschner M. Cells, Embryos and Evolution. Blackwell science, Inc. Massachusetts, 1997.
  9. Giese A. C. Cell Physiology, WB. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1979
  10. Freifelder D. Molecular Biology, Naroja Publishing House, New Delhi, 1997.
  11. Frieerg E.C., Walker G.C. and Siede, W DNA Repair and Mutagen- esis. ASM Press Wadbington DC, 1995.
  12. Karp G. Cell and Molecular Biology. Concepts and experiments. John Wiley and sons. Inc. New York, 1999
  13. Malacinski G.M. and Freifelder D. Essentials of Molecular Biology Jones and Bartlett Publishers Boston, 1999
  14. Cooper, G .M. The cell A molecular approach. ASM Press, Washington DC, 2000.
  15. Shelve P. and Blanch DEW, Cell and Molecular Biology. John Wile) and Sons Inc., New York, 1994.
  16. Darnell, J.L. Lodish, H and Baltimore, D. Molecular Cell Biology, Scien tific American Books Inc. New York.
  17. Watson, J.D., Hopkins, N.H. Roberts, J.W Steitz, J.A. and Weiner A.M. Molecular Biology of the Gene. The Benjamin/Cumings Pub. Co. Inc. California
  18. Gardner, EJ. Simons, MJ. and Snustad, D.P. Principles of Genetics. John Wiley .& Sons Inc. New York
  19. Voet, D. and Voet, J.G. Biochemistry, John Wiley & Sons Inc New York.
  20. Zubay, G.L. Parson, WW and Vance, D.E. Principles of Biochemistry. Wm.C. Brown Publishers, Oxford, England.
  21. Goldsby, RA.. Kindt, T.J. and Osborne, B.A. Kuby Immunology, WH Free- I man & Co. New York.
  22. Abbas. AK Lichtman, AR. and Pahes, J.S. Molecular Immunology, WB Saunders & Co, London
  23. Cruse. J.M. and Lewis, RE. Atlas of Immunology, CRC Press,New York.
  24. Talwar, G.P. and Gupta. S.K A HandbookofPractical and Clinical Immu nology. Vall & II. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. NewDelhi.
  25. Dabre, D.D. Introduction to Practical Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons lnc; New York.
  26. Micklos D.A. and Freyer G. A. DNA science A first course in recombinantDNA Techanology. Carolina Biological supply compo and Cold Spring Harbour Lahovatoy Press, Burhington , North corolina, 1990.
  27. Lucent Micklos D.A. and Freyer G. A. DNA science A first course in recombinantDNA Techanology. Carolina Biological supply compo and Cold Spring Harbour Lahovatoy Press, Burhington , North corolina, 1990B. Genes VII. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000.
  28. Old R. W. and Primrose S. B. Principles of Gene Manipulation An introduction to genetic engineering. Blackwell Scientific Pub li- cation. London, 1989.
  29. Twyman R. M. and Wisden W. Advanced Molecular Biology A Concise Reference Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi: 1999
  30. Gasque, C. E. A. Manual of laboratory experiences in Cell Biology Uni versal Book Stall New Delhi.
  31. Meyers R.A. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology A comprehen- sive desk Reference. VCH Publishers, Inc. New York, 1995
  32. Lodish H, BerkA, Zipurjky S. L., Matsudaira P, Baltimore D. and Darnell 3. Molecular Cell Biology W.H. freeman and company New York, 2000
     
Academic Year: 
2018-2019
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