Cell and Molecular Biology II

Paper Code: 
ZOL 423B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
1. Appraise the detailed knowledge of our immune system to defend against invading pathogens in a logical fashion. 
2. Differentiate and evaluate between innate and acquired immunity; Humoral and cell mediated immunity and the consequences of its failure like autoimmunity, hypersensitivity and immunodeficiencies.
3. Develop an understanding about the role of effector cells and molecules of the immune system as complements and antibodies.
 
 

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

ZOL 423 (B)

Cell And Molecular Biology II

Students will :

CO136: Conceptualize how the innate and adaptive immune responses coordinate to fight invading pathogens.

CO137: Demonstrate how  immunomodulatory strategies can be used to enhance immune responses or to suppress unwanted immune responses

CO138: Develop an understanding about hypersensitivity reactions, transplantations or autoimmune diseases.

CO139:Appraise the structure of antigen and antibody and their specific interactions.

CO140: Design strategies to improve existing vaccines and how to approach these.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks, Field practical

 

Class test

Semester end examinations,

Quiz

Assignments,

Presentations

Surprise test

Open book test
 

 

12.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I
Molecular Immunology.
● Innate (nonspecific)immunity.
o Adaptive (specific)Immunity.
Cells and organs of immune system.Hematopoiesis
● B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, Nullcells.
● Mono nuclear cells
● Granulocytic cells
● MastCells.
● Dendritic cells. Organs of immune system. Lymphatic system.
● Primary lymphoid organs
● Secondary lymphoid organsAntigens.
● Immunogenicity versus antigenicity.
● Factors influence immnogenicity
● Contribution of  Biological  system. (Genotype of therecipient animal, immunogen dosage and route of administration,adjuvants).
● Epitopes
● Haptans.
12.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II
Immunoglobulins : Structure and function.
● Molecular structure of Ig, Light chain and Heavy chain
● Immuno globulindomains.
● Immuno globulinclasses
● Immunoglobulin-mediated effector functions
● Antigenic determinants on immunoglobulin (isotype, allotype and idiotype).
Generation of antibody diversity.
● Multiple germ line V, D and J gene segments.
● Combinatorial V-J and V-D-Jjoining.
● Junctional flexibility.
● P-addition andN-addition.
● Association of heavy and light chain. Class switching among constant region genes.
● Expression of Ig genes.
● Regulation of Ig gene transcription.
Antibody genes and antibody engineering.
12.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
Antigen-Antibody Interaction.(in vivo and in vitro) Major Histocompatibility complex.
● General organization and inheritance ofMHC.
● Genomic maps of MHCgenes.
● MHC molecules and genes.
● Cellular distribution of MHCmolecules.
● MHC and disease susceptibility.
● Mechanism of Humoral and cell mediated immunity
 
12.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV
Antigen Processing and Presentation.
● Role of antigen presenting cell.
● The cytosolic pathways.Endogenous antigens:
● The endocytic pathway Exogenous antigens
:.
● Presentation of nonpeptide bacterial antigens. Cytokines: general structure properties and functions
● Cytokine related diseases.
● Complement system
● Hypersensitivity
12.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
Vaccine.
● Active and passive immunization
● Types of vaccines
AIDS and other immunodeficiencies.
Autoimmunity: Proposed mechanisms for induction of autoimmunity
● Systemic autoimmune diseases
● Organ specific autoimmune disease
Essential Readings: 
● Alberts B, Bray D, Lewio J, RaffM, Roberts K and Watson J.D. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York,1994.
● Glick B. R. and Pasternak 1.1. Molecular Biotechnology Principles andApplications of Recombinant DNA. ASM Press, Washington,1998.
● Bolr over S.R. Hyams J.S., Jones S. Shephard E.A. and White H.A. From genes to cells. Wiley-liss, New York,1997.
● Winnacker E.L. From genes to clones Introduction to gene technologyPanima Education BookAgency, New Delhi. æVCH Publishers, New York,1987.
● Giese A. C. Cell Physiology, WB. Saunders Co., Philadelphia,1979
● Freifelder D. Molecular Biology, Naroja Publishing House, New Delhi,1997.
● Frieerg E.C., Walker G.C. and Siede, W DNA Repair and Mutagenesis. ASMPress Wadbington DC,1995.
● Abbas. AK Lichtman, AR. and Pahes, J.S. Molecular Immunology, WB Saunders& Co,London
● Cruse. J.M. and Lewis, RE. Atlas of Immunology, CRC Press,NewYork.
● Twyman R. M. and Wisden W. Advanced Molecular Biology A ConciseReference Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi:1999
● Meyers R.A. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology A comprehen- sive desk Reference. VCH Publishers, Inc. New York,1995
 
 
Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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