CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Paper Code: 
ZOL 323 B
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Course objectives:

This course will enable the students to -

  1. To provide fundamental knowledge of the cellular components, functions and regulatory pathways of the cell cycle emphasizing their significance in controlling cancer, aging and apoptosis.
  2. Enlighten the students about life processes at the molecular levels. It includes the molecular structure of genes and chromosomes and regulation of post transcriptional and posttranslational gene expression.

 

Course Outcomes (COs):

Course

Learning outcomes

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

ZOL 323B

 

Cell And Molecular Biology

Students should be able to:

CO56: Understand the structure and function of biomembrane and its role in active and passive transport.

CO57: Role of Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions and cellular adhesion molecules in intracellular movements and cell to cell and cell to matrix interactions.

CO58: Acquire the detailed knowledge of different pathways related to cell signaling and apoptosis thus enabling them to understand the importance of cell cycle regulation checkpoints.

CO59: Perceive the detailed knowledge about chromosomal organization of genes and noncoding DNA.

CO60: Describe role of DNA binding motifs in regulation of gene expression.

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Demonstration, Team teaching

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Simulation, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks

 

Class test

Semester end examinations,

Quiz

Assignments,

Presentation

Surprise test

Open book test

 

12.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

Biomembranes.

  •     Phospholipids : main lipid constituent.
  •     Cytosolic and exoplasmic face of biomembranes.
  •     Intrinsic and extrinsic proteins.
  •      Glycolipids.
  •     Mobility of lipids and integral proteins
  •     Fluidity of bio membrane.

Transport across cell membrane.

  •       Diffusion of small molecules.
  •     Osmosis and water channels.
  •     Uniporter-catalyzed transport.
  •     Active Transport.
  •     Cotransport by symporters and antiporters.

 

12.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II

Cytoskeleton:Structure ,Function and Dynamics of

  •     Microfilaments:ActinandMyosin
  •     Microtubule and mitosis.
  •     Kinesin and Dynein.
  •     Intermediate Filaments

Cell-Cell Signaling.

    Endocrine, paracrine, autocrine signaling.

    Receptor    Proteins-    Intracellular receptors.

     Cell surface receptors-G-protein coupled    receptors, ion channel receptors, tyrosine kinase  linked  receptors and receptors with
intrinsic enzymatic activity.

    Second messenger system-cAMP,IP3-DAG andMAP kinase pathways.

Signal-Mediated transport through Nuclear Pore.

    Nuclear Pore Complex.

    Nuclear export signals.

    Nuclear localization signals

 

12.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Cell Junctions :Occluding, Adherence and communicating junctions

    Cell- cell adhesion molecules

  •     Selectin
  •     Cadherin
  •     Integrin
  •     Ig Superfamily

Cell matrix adhesion

  •     Integrins
  •     Collagen
  •     Non-collagen   components   of   extracellular   matrix  

Cell cycle.

  •     Eukaryotic cell cycle-Gl, S, G2 and M phases.
  •     Cell cycle and check points.
  •     Molecular basis of cell cycle regulation.
  • Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases.
  •   Regulation of CDK-cyclin activity
     
12.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Cancer.

    Properties of cancer cell and onset of cancer

  •      Causes of cancer
  •     Retrovirus
  •     Mechanism of conversion of Proto-oncogenes to oncogenes
  •     Tumor suppressor genes
  •     Mutation causing loss of cell cycle.

Aging: The biology of senescence.

  •     Maximum life span and life expectancy.
  •     Causes of aging

Cell Death.

    Apoptosis and necrosis.

12.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes.

  •     Molecular definition of gene.
  •     Chromosomal organization of genes and non-coding DNA.
  •     Mobile DNA.
  •     Functional rearrangement of chromosomal DNA
  •     Morphological     and     functional      elements      of     eukaryotic chromosomes.

Regulation of Gene Expression.

  •     Operon concept.
  •     Catabolic repression.
  •     Positive and Negative regulation.
  •     Inducers and co-repressors.

DNAbinding proteins and gene regulation.

  •     DNA binding domains.
  •     Homeo domain proteins.
  •     Zinc finger proteins.
  •     Winged-helix (Forked head) proteins.
  •     Leucine-Zipper proteins.
  •     Helix-loop-helix proteins
Essential Readings: 

Suggested Readings:

 

  • Nelson et al, Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry, 4th Edition, McMillan, 2006.
  • Alberts et al, Molecular Biology of The Cell, 2nd Edition , Garland 2007.
  • Lewin, Genes IX, 9th Edition , Jones & Bartlett, 2007.
  • Pastemak, An Introduction to Molecular Human Genetics, 2nd Edition, Fritzgarald, 2005..
  • Lewis, Human Genetics, 7th Edition, WCB & McGraw, 2007..
  • Strachen and Read, Human Molecular Genetics, 3rd Edition, Garland Sci. Publishing, 2004.
  • Structural Chemistry and Molecular Biology Alexander Rich and Norman Davidson
  • The Chemical Foundations of Molecular  :James D. Watson
  • Biology of the Gene (2nd ed.)
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell ; Lewis and Watson
  • Genes VI : Benjamin Lewin
  •  Human Cytogenetic Techniques and Clinical Applications HemaPurandare and ArnitChakravarty
  • Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology Vol. 9 J. N. Davidson
  • Essentials of Human Genetics Bhatnagar,Kothari,Mehta
  • Genes VII :Benjamin Lewin
  •  Molecular Biology of the Gene (4th ed.) Watson
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell :Alberts. Lewis & Watson
  •  An introduction to genetic Engineering Desmond S. T. Nicoll
  • Principles and Practive of Medical Genetics, by Emery, A.E.H and D.L. Rimoin (Eds_ (1990-2nd edition) Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
  • Molecular Basis of Inherited Diseases, (6th Edition-1989) by Scriver, C.R. A.L. Beudit, W.S. Sty abnd D. Valle (Eds0 McGrawHill, New York.
  • Human Genetics by S.D. Gangane (2nd edition-Reprint 2001), B.L Churchill Livingstone Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
  • Genetics in Medicine by M.W. Thompson et al, 5th Edition, W.B. Sounders Company, London
  • Genetic basis of common diseases by R. A. King et al, Oxford University Press.
  • Mendelian inheritance in Man by Mc. Kusick V.A. (1998), 12th Edition, John Hopsins University Press, Baltimore.
Academic Year: 
2020-2021
  • Printer-friendly version
  • PDF version