DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Paper Code: 
ZOL-402
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

Objectives- The course objective is to provide students with a basic understanding of:

 

  1. How organisms maintain gamete population, fertilization process, way of cleavage and different patterns to form zygote.
  2. What are Fate maps.
  3.  The students will be taught about Organogenesis in Chick , Extra embryonic membranes, Types & physiology of placenta, metamorphosis, Apoptosis and Teratogenesis.

Learning outcomes

After the successful completion of the course students will be

  1. Be able to list the types of characteristics that make an organism ideal for the study of developmental biology.
  2. Be familiar with the events that led up to fertilization.
  3. Be able to describe the stages and cellular mechanisms for gastrulation.
  4. To describe way of cleavage and different patterns to form zygote.
  5. To describe the fundamental embryonic development.
  6. To describe Fate maps, Organogenesis in Chick,
  7. To describe Extra embryonic membranes, Types & physiology of placenta
  8. Describe the Role of Hormones in metamorphosis
  9. Describe the Process of Apoptosis and Teratogenesis.
10.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

Baer’s Law, Biogenetic Law

Gametogenesis- Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis, Vitellogenesis

Fertilization- (Approximation of Gametes, Capacitation and contact,Acrosomal reactions, Activation of ovum, Migration of Pronuclei and amphimixis ,) and its  Significance

9.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II

Parthenogenesis

Types of eggs, Planes and Patterns of cleavage,Types of cleavage

Blastulation,

 Gastrulation: Morphogenetic Movements.

10.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III

Fate maps (amphibian, chick), Methods of preparation of fate maps

Organogenesis in Chick

Extra embryonic membranes

Types & physiology of placenta

8.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV

Concept of Embryonic Induction (Types)

Regeneration in Vertebrates

Ageing: Symptoms and Theories of ageing

Stem Cells  :Types and Significance

8.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V

Metamorphosis in Frog & Insects.

Role of Hormones in metamorphosis

Apoptosis

Teratogenesis

Essential Readings: 
  • Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, SinauerAssociates,Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Balinsky B. I. and Fabian B. C. (1981). An Introduction to Embryology, VEdition, International Thompson Computer Press.
  • Carlson, R. F. Patten's Foundations of Embryology
  • Kalthoff (2008). Analysis of Biological Development, II Edition, McGraw-HillPublishers.
  • Lewis Wolpert (2002). Principles of Development. II Edition, Oxford UniversityPress.
  • Developmental Biology. Berril. N.J. and Karp. G.McGraw Hill, New York.
  • Gene activity during early development, Davidson, E. H. Academic Press, New

 

Academic Year: 
2019-2020
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