Course objectives:
This course will enable the students to –
1. Design and conduct experiments, using a broad variety of experimental techniques, and interpret the data obtained to draw conclusions about whether the results do or do not support a hypothesis being tested and whether the experimental design was appropriate.
2. Work collaboratively with other students and with faculty, understanding that most scien tific knowledge/conclusions draw(s) on multiple sources of data and multiple experimental approaches.
3. Learn “best approaches” for conducting experiments including laboratory safety, data replication and quality control, record keeping, and other aspects of “responsible conduct of research”.
4. Gain familiarity with an area of science such that the students can present their work to a professionalaudience and also discuss their work with a general audience.
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Course |
Learning outcomes (at course level) |
Learning and teaching strategies |
Assessment Strategies |
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Course Code |
Course Title |
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25DZOL7 04 |
PRACTICAL |
CO126: Illustrate different laboratory specimens based on their external features and appearance and their categorical relation with various phylum. CO127: Enhance their knowledge about different mitotic stages by preparing temporary slides of the onion root tip and visualizing the stages of mitosis and meiosis by their key features and demonstrate bar body in buccal epithelial cells. CO128: Perform various qualitative and quantitative biochemical techniques to differentiate biomolecules based on their physical and chemical properties. CO129: Assess taxonomic biodiversity in various habitats and estimate gene frequency in populations using Hardy Weinberg law and differentiate between various phytoplanktons and zooplanktons. CO130: Demonstrate skills and recond the concepts in the form of practical file and reflect on personal learning experiences and experimental outcomes during viva voce. CO131:Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction |
Approach in teaching: Discussion, Tutorials, Demonstrati on, Learning activities for the students: Self-learning assignments , Simulation, Field practical |
Class test Semester end examinations, Viva voce Assignments Presentation |
INVERTEBRATES
Identification, classification & study of distinguishing features of representatives from various groups.
● Phylum Protozoa- Polystomella, Formanifera, Opalina, Paramecium(Fission & conjugation) Vorticella, Euglena,Trypanosoma,Monocystis, Plasmodium.
● Phylum Porifera-Sycon L.S & T.S, Spicules, Spongin fibres, Leucosolenia, Euplectella
● Phylum Cnidaria- Obelia,(Polyp & Medusa), Millepora, Physalia, Pennatula, Metridium, Madrepora, Alcyonium, Gorgonia, Aurelia.
● Phylum Helminthes- Ascaris, Taenia, Planaria
● Phylum Annelida - Pontobdella, Aphrodite, Leech, Polygordius, Chaetopterus, Nereis, Heteronereis,Arenicola.
● Phylum Arthropoda- Cyclops, Peripatus, Balanus, Lepas, Hippa, Belostoma, Limulus, Eupagurus, Julus, Scolopendra, Prayingmantis.
● Phylum Mollusca- Murex, Bulla, Cardium, Arca, Turritella, Pinctada,Cypraea, Octopus,Nautilus.
● Phylum Echinodermata- Echinus, Holothuria, Antedon, Asterias
● Minor Phyla- Bugula, Plumatella, Crestatella, Pectinella,Phoronis,Dendrostoma
● Larval Stages: Planula, Redia, Miracidium, Sporocyst,Cercaria,Metacercaria, Trochophore, Nauplius, Zoea, Mysis, Phyllosoma, Trilobite larva ofLimulus, Glochidium, Bipinnaria, Echinopluteus, Auricularia, Tornaria
DISSECTIONS:
Cockroach: General anatomy, Reproductive system, Nervous system Mouthparts: Cockroach
BIOSYSTEMATICS, TAXONOMY AND EVOLUTION
● Composition and assessment of the taxonomic diversity/biodiversity in a habitat (e.g. grassland, arid land, wet land etc.)
● Estimation of gene and genotypic frequencies in light of Hardy-Weinberg law based on facial traits/thumb prints, ABO blood group data etc.
● Project: Preparation of models showing the status of certain taxa or species in a particular habitat.
● Identification of Phytoplanktons and Zooplanktons from fresh water samples.
BIOCHEMISTRY
● Qualitative analysis of Lipid, protein and Carbohydrate samples
● Colorimetric/Spectrophotometric estimation of:
● Carbohydrate- glucose, Cholesterol, Protein
● Nucleic acids: DNA, RNA
● Study of temperature effect on enzyme action: salivary amylase, liver catalase
Scheme for CA End Practical Examinat ion
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Exercise 1 |
Exercise II |
File |
Viva |
Attendance |
Total |
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5 |
5 |
10 |
5 |
5 |
30 |
Scheme for Semester End Practical Examinat ion
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Exercise I |
Exercise II |
Exercise III |
Exercise IV |
Spotting |
File |
Viva |
Total |
|
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
6x3=18 |
10 |
10 |
70 |
● Practical Zoology, vertebrates, Lal, S.S. Rastogi Publications, Meerut
● Practical Zoology, vertebrates,Kohli,K.S.,Ansari, A.S. Ramesh Book Depot, Jaipur.
● Introductory practical Biochemistry, Sawhney S.K., Singh R. 2009. 7th edition, Narosa publishing house Pvt. Ltd.
● Wilson,K. and Walker, J. Principles and techniques of practical biochemistry, Cambridge press.
● Jordon, E.L., Verma P.S. Invertebrate Zoology, S Chand and Co.
● Laboratory manual in Invertebrate & Experimental Zoology, Jacob Vyas Ramesh Book Depot, New Delhi.
● Zubay G. Biochemistry, William C. Brown Pub.
● Standard methods of biochemical analysis. Thimmaiah, S.R. Kalyani Publishers, Noida
E-RESOURCES:
● Experimental Biochemistry- NPTEL- https://nptel.ac.in/courses/104105102 [2]
● Biochemistry virtual lab- Amrita https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=64 [3]
● Amrita Virtual Labs http://biotech01.vlabs.ac.in/List%20of%20experiments.html [4]: [4]
● Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering- NPTEL labs- https://www.vlab.co.in/ba [5] nptel-labs- biotechnology-and-biomedical-engineering
Links:
[1] https://zoology.iisuniv.ac.in/courses/subjects/practical-145
[2] https://nptel.ac.in/courses/104105102
[3] https://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=64
[4] http://biotech01.vlabs.ac.in/List%20of%20experiments.html
[5] http://www.vlab.co.in/ba
[6] https://zoology.iisuniv.ac.in/academic-year/2025-2026